Geology

List of Common Drilling Terms

• To cease producing oil or gas from a well.
• Pressure exerted by a formation exceeding normal pressure for any given depth.
• To inject HCl into a calcareous formation under pressure, that causes, enlargement of fissures and improvement of permeability characteristics.
• A large valve installed above the ram preventers.
• The space between drill string and casing or open hole.
• American petroleum Institute; founded in 1920, this organisation aims for standardisation in the oil field.
• To unscrew one threaded section from another as with pipe.
• Ba S04, a mineral used to weight up drilling fluid.
• 42 US. Gallon = 158.97 litres 1m3 = 6.2897 bbls.
• Fishing accessory run above a bit or mill to recover small pieces of junk.
• Device for breaking out the bit from the string.
• Equipment installed to prevent the uncontrolled Blow-out Preventer escape of gas oil or salt water from the well.
• To unscrew one section of pipe from another generally during pulling of pipe. The tongs are used in this operation.
• A record of the diameter of the wellbore indicating washout or enlargements due to casings.
• To control a blow-out by placing a very strong valve on the well bore.
• A short heavy hollow cylindrical steel- concrete section with a rounded bottom placed on the end of the casing shoe. Also called a guide shoe.
• A spool- shaped statement on each end of the draw works used for hoisting, breaking and tightening around the drill floor.
• A thin wire line used for lifting heavy equipment around the rig, powered by the cathead.
• A pit, beneath the drill floor, to give additional clearance between floor and wellhead to accommodate the BOP’s and to drain the area. To “jet the cellar” is to drain this pit.
• An acoustic or sonic logging method recording Cement the quality of the bond between the casing and well bore.
• The arrangement of piping and chokes through that the drilling mud is circulated when the BOP’s are closed.
• The control valves, pressure gauges and chokes assembled at the top of a well to control oil/gas flow.
• The drilling line from crown-block Sheave to the anchor, that does not move.
• The inclination of the wellbore From the vertical, in degrees.
• A small enclosure on the rig floor used to house driller, records and equipment.
• Sudden increase or decrease in penetration rate.
• To remove residual cement with bit.
• A well that has no hydrocarbons or has uneconomic quantity of them..
• A set of clamps that grip a stand, or column of casing, tubing, drill pipe or sucker rods so that the stand can be raised or lowered into the hole.
• An extra- thick wall at the threaded end of a drill pipe or tubing. it has a thicker diameter at each end.
• The end the drilling line that is affixed to the reel of the draw works, that travels faster than any other part of the line.
• A rack that supports the tops of the stands in the derrick.
• An object left in the well that need be recovered.
• A method to stimulate production from a poorly permeable zone by pressuring open the fissures jacking them open with beads or such like, then releasing this pressure.
• A drilling mud with entrained formation gas, causing reduced weight.
• A single length of drill pipe, casing or drill collar.
• A short sub placed between kelly and drill pipe to save excessive wear on the kelly threads.
• A pneumatically operated device mound on the top of the kelly that turns the kelly. useful in making up pipe.
• To attach the elevators to a section of pipe to pull it, or run it, into hole.
• A platform on derrick from which the derrick man works while tripping.
• An opening in the rig floor, pipe lined, that singles are placed in before making up.
• The mud engineer.
• To assemble the BOP stack onto the well.
• To pierce the casing and cement for the purpose of allowing formation fluids to enter the production piping.
• To trip string out of the hole.
• Either a line hole in the rig floor on that the Kelly is kept during trips, or a hole of smaller diameter drilled at the bottom of the main hole.
• To trip out, then into the hole.
• To trip pipe into the hole.
• A grooved pulley.
• To drill around a blocked well bore by kicking off a new hole at an angle to the original.
• To remove worn fast line, and slip more line in from the anchor point so moving the dead line around.
• A temporary platform erected in the derrick for use while casing.
• The connected joints of pipe racked in the derrick.
• Drill string, casing or tubing that has become immovable in the hole.
• A short length of pipe, threaded at each end, used to adapt different pats of the drill string that otherwise would not connect, or else to perform a specialist function e.g. junk sub, kelly saver sub.
• Abbreviation of total depth - the end of the well.
• Under gauge hole section through which it is difficult to pull the drill string. Or a well about that information is restricted.
• The large wrenches used for making up or breaking out drill pipe.
• Moving the drill string up and down in the hole whilst not rotating to prevent sticking.