Geology: Sedimentary Enviroment Chart

Sedimentary Enviroment Chart

CONTINENTAL SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS

ALLUVIAL FAN
FLUVIAL
LACUSTRINE
DESERT (DUNES)
PALUDAL

Rock Type
Breccia, conglomerate, arkose
Conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, shale
Siltstone, shale, limestone, or evaporites (gypsum)
Quartz arenite (sandstone) or gypsum
Peat, coal, black shale, siltstone

Composition
Terrigenous
Terrigenous
Terrigenous, carbonate, or evaporite
Terrigenous or evaporite
Terrigenous

Color
Brown or red
Brown or red
Black, brown, gray, green
Yellow, red, tan, white
Black, gray, or brown

Grain Size
Clay to gravel
Clay to gravel (Fining upward)
Clay to silt or sand (Coarsening upward)
Sand
Clay to silt

Grain Shape
Angular
Rounded to angular
---
Rounded
---

Sorting
Poor
Variable
Variable
Good
Variable

Inorganic Sedimentary Structures
Cross-bedding and graded bedding
Asymmetrical ripples, cross-bedding, graded bedding, tool marks
Symmetrical ripples, lamination, cross-bedding, graded bedding, mudcracks, raindrop prints
Cross-bedding
Laminated to massive

Organic or Biogenic Sedimentary Structures
---
Tracks, trails,burrows
Tracks, trails, burrows, rare stromatolites
Tracks, trails
Root marks, burrows

Fossils
---
Rare freshwater shells, bones, plant fragments
Freshwater shells, fish, bones, plant fragments
---
Plant fossils, rare freshwater shells, bones, fish

TRANSITIONAL SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS

DELTA
BARRIER BEACH
LAGOON
TIDAL FLAT

Rock Type Sandstone, siltstone, shale, coal Quartz arenite, coquina Siltstone, shale, limestone, oolitic limestone or gypsum Siltstone, shale, calcilutite, dolostone or gypsum

Composition Terrigenous Terrigenous or carbonate Terrigenous, carbonate, or evaporite Terrigenous, carbonate, or evaporite

Color Brown, black, gray, green, red White to tan Dark gray to black Gray, brown, tan

Grain Size Clay to sand (Coarsening upward Sand Clay to silt Clay to silt

Grain Shape --- Rounded to angular --- ---

Sorting Poor Good Poor Variable

Inorganic Sedimentary Structures Cross-bedding, graded bedding Cross-bedding, symmetrical ripples Lamination, ripples, cross-bedding Lamination, mudcracks, ripples, cross-bedding

Organic or Biogenic Sedimentary Structures Trails, burrows Tracks, trails, burrows Trails, burrows Stromatolites, trails, tracks, burrows

Fossils Plant fragments, shells Marine shells Marine shells Marine shells

MARINE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS

REEF
CONTINENTAL SHELF
CONTINENTAL SLOPE AND RISE
ABYSSAL PLAIN

Rock Type
Fossiliferous limestone
Sandstone, shale, siltstone, fossiliferous limestone, oolitic limestone
Litharenite, siltstone, and shale (or limestone)
Shale, chert, micrite, chalk, diatomite

Composition
Carbonate
Terrigenous or carbonate
Terrigenous or carbonate
Terrigenous or carbonate

Color
Gray to white
Gray to brown
Gray, green, brown
Black, white red

Grain Size
Variable, frameworks, few to no grains
Clay to sand
Clay to sand
Clay

Grain Shape
---
---
---
---

Sorting
---
Poor to good
Poor
Good

Inorganic Sedimentary Structures
---
Lamination, cross-bedding
Graded bedding, cross-bedding, lamination, flute marks, tool marks (turbidites)
Lamination

Organic or Biogenic Sedimentary Structures
---
Trails, burrows
Trails, burrows
Trails, burrows

Fossils
Corals, marine shells
Marine shells
Marine shells, rare plant fragments
Marine shells (mostly microscopic)

posted by Geology on 09:45

Geology

Sedimentary Enviroment Chart

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	ALLUVIAL FAN	FLUVIAL	LACUSTRINE	DESERT (DUNES)	PALUDAL
Rock Type	Breccia, conglomerate, arkose	Conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, shale	Siltstone, shale, limestone, or evaporites (gypsum)	Quartz arenite (sandstone) or gypsum	Peat, coal, black shale, siltstone
Composition	Terrigenous	Terrigenous	Terrigenous, carbonate, or evaporite	Terrigenous or evaporite	Terrigenous
Color	Brown or red	Brown or red	Black, brown, gray, green	Yellow, red, tan, white	Black, gray, or brown
Grain Size	Clay to gravel	Clay to gravel (Fining upward)	Clay to silt or sand (Coarsening upward)	Sand	Clay to silt
Grain Shape	Angular	Rounded to angular	---	Rounded	---
Sorting	Poor	Variable	Variable	Good	Variable
Inorganic Sedimentary Structures	Cross-bedding and graded bedding	Asymmetrical ripples, cross-bedding, graded bedding, tool marks	Symmetrical ripples, lamination, cross-bedding, graded bedding, mudcracks, raindrop prints	Cross-bedding	Laminated to massive
Organic or Biogenic Sedimentary Structures	---	Tracks, trails,burrows	Tracks, trails, burrows, rare stromatolites	Tracks, trails	Root marks, burrows
Fossils	---	Rare freshwater shells, bones, plant fragments	Freshwater shells, fish, bones, plant fragments	---	Plant fossils, rare freshwater shells, bones, fish

	DELTA	BARRIER BEACH	LAGOON	TIDAL FLAT
Rock Type	Sandstone, siltstone, shale, coal	Quartz arenite, coquina	Siltstone, shale, limestone, oolitic limestone or gypsum	Siltstone, shale, calcilutite, dolostone or gypsum
Composition	Terrigenous	Terrigenous or carbonate	Terrigenous, carbonate, or evaporite	Terrigenous, carbonate, or evaporite
Color	Brown, black, gray, green, red	White to tan	Dark gray to black	Gray, brown, tan
Grain Size	Clay to sand (Coarsening upward	Sand	Clay to silt	Clay to silt
Grain Shape	---	Rounded to angular	---	---
Sorting	Poor	Good	Poor	Variable
Inorganic Sedimentary Structures	Cross-bedding, graded bedding	Cross-bedding, symmetrical ripples	Lamination, ripples, cross-bedding	Lamination, mudcracks, ripples, cross-bedding
Organic or Biogenic Sedimentary Structures	Trails, burrows	Tracks, trails, burrows	Trails, burrows	Stromatolites, trails, tracks, burrows
Fossils	Plant fragments, shells	Marine shells	Marine shells	Marine shells

	REEF	CONTINENTAL SHELF	CONTINENTAL SLOPE AND RISE	ABYSSAL PLAIN
Rock Type	Fossiliferous limestone	Sandstone, shale, siltstone, fossiliferous limestone, oolitic limestone	Litharenite, siltstone, and shale (or limestone)	Shale, chert, micrite, chalk, diatomite
Composition	Carbonate	Terrigenous or carbonate	Terrigenous or carbonate	Terrigenous or carbonate
Color	Gray to white	Gray to brown	Gray, green, brown	Black, white red
Grain Size	Variable, frameworks, few to no grains	Clay to sand	Clay to sand	Clay
Grain Shape	---	---	---	---
Sorting	---	Poor to good	Poor	Good
Inorganic Sedimentary Structures	---	Lamination, cross-bedding	Graded bedding, cross-bedding, lamination, flute marks, tool marks (turbidites)	Lamination
Organic or Biogenic Sedimentary Structures	---	Trails, burrows	Trails, burrows	Trails, burrows
Fossils	Corals, marine shells	Marine shells	Marine shells, rare plant fragments	Marine shells (mostly microscopic)